Suchergebnisse

Summary: The objectives of this work were: (1) establish the prevalence of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use, as well as unprotected sexual relations and repetition of courses in adolescents based on sex; (2) determine the dimensions of the intrusion (I), sensory search (BS), impulsivity (Im) and anxiety sensitivity (SA) according to sex; (3) relate possible personality profiles to such behaviour. The sample was composed of 1.324 adolescents (14-18 years old). Based on the assessed personality dimensions, 4 groups of adolescents were established. The group of adolescents with high scores in all personality dimensions has the highest rates of experimentation with consumption. In contrast, adolescents with low levels of I, BS and Im had the lowest rates. Preventive interventions should take into account the identified personality dimensions in order to be implemented more effectively. ; Resumen: Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron: 1) establecer la prevalencia del consumo de alcohol, de tabaco y de cannabis, así como de las relaciones sexuales sin protección y la repetición de curso en adolescentes en función del sexo; 2) determinar las dimensiones de personalidad introversión (I), búsqueda de sensaciones (BS), impulsividad (Im) y sensibilidad a la ansiedad (SA) en función del sexo; 3) relacionar posibles perfiles de personalidad con dichas conductas. La muestra se compuso de 1.324 adolescentes (14-18 años). A partir de las dimensiones de personalidad valoradas se establecieron 4 grupos de adolescentes. El grupo de adolescentes con puntuaciones altas en todas las dimensiones de personalidad es el que presentó mayores tasas de experimentación con el consumo. Por el contrario, el de los adolescentes con bajos niveles de I, BS e Im fue el que menores tasas presentó. Las intervenciones preventivas deberían tener en cuenta las dimensiones de personalidad señaladas para poder aplicarse con una mayor efectividad.

This article presents a study of a number of socio‐demographic factors that predict treatment dropout from a residential substance use disorder programme in Spain (Proyecto Hombre Therapeutic Community). A sample of 430 patients (173 who completed treatment and 257 who dropped out of treatment) was assessed at entry to the therapeutic community programme in order to collect information on socio‐demographic characteristics of the participants. According to the results obtained, factors that predicted treatment dropout included younger age, male gender and previous treatment history in the Proyecto Hombre therapeutic community. Patients with these characteristics were at significantly greater risk of dropping out of treatment. The implications of these results for further research and clinical practice are commented upon.